Revelation, When The Fifth Seal Is Being Open By Jesus The...

According to the Book of Revelation, when the sixth seal is being open by Jesus the Manhattan Project is already in the thought planning phase. In June 1942, God’s strategy proves the Manhattan Project is, a methodical effort run by the military [under great secrecy], and once complete will be a turning point in World War II . In other words, in John’s vision, the sixth seal is a warning to all humans that any problem of any hour is solvable, and for those who are no longer part of his Kingdom of God, will be cast out for eternity. One of the most characteristic features of the Manhattan Project is not to understand the weapons impending doom, but is a divine purpose, that if anyone who fails to understand the significance of the project’s truth will not know the full extent of God’s purpose. With the United State scientists and the military, no introduction is necessary, since it’s beginnings, the project is part of several espionage attacks from o ther countries, for the reasons they know any completion of the project will be synonymous with an end to the Antichrist’s time. Yet, the project as a great evil will damn the souls of thousands by exchanging counterfeit solutions for natural human problems that will ordinarily lead a person to God but will all be part of superstitious darkness for decades to come. While this project, interferes with each person, it does send whole populations to look for a savior, not of divine power, but to the President of the United StatesShow MoreRelatedEssay on Fall of Asclepius95354 Words   |  382 Pagesespecially me. Some people got stronger due to the outbreak. Some became weaker. Being leader of the survivors? This idea would be absurd to me before the outbreak. I never wanted to be a leader. I just wanted to get by life like any other person. I didnt believe that I would make a good leader. But I was wrong. What was that quote by Umbert...? Umberto Eco! It was, The real hero is always a hero by mistake; he dreams of being an honest coward like everyone else. How true that quote is. This war wasRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesof longer and shorter cases to increase the ï ¬â€šexibility for teachers. Combined with the illustrations and the short case examples at the end of each chapter (in both versions of the book) this increases the reader’s and tutor’s choice. For example, when deciding on material for Chapter 2, the case example, Global Forces and the European Brewing Industry, tests a reader’s understanding of the main issues inï ¬â€šuencing the competitive position of a number of organisations in the same industry with a relatively

Essay on Leo Africanus Book Review - 1320 Words

HIS306 Leo Africanus Book Review Leo Africanus By, Amin Maalouf In the book Leo Africanus it is a fictionalized biography of a real person, Hasan al- Wazzan. Hasan and his family were forced to flee to Fez, where he grew up and became a very well-off merchant. The book really gives a clear picture of his family life as a child, his education, his marriages, his travels, and his bitter- sweet reminiscence of exile. The narrator of Amin Maaloufs historical novel, Hasan al-Wazzan - who came to be named Leo Africanus - was born in 1488, in the weakening days of Moorish Granada. At the age of 4, Hasan and his family went into exile, like many other Muslims and Jews who declined to accept the new faith and managed to flee from†¦show more content†¦He finds a lifelong friend at school, Harun, and together they roam the streets of the city, looking for adventure. Hasan accompanies his uncle on his first tactful mission, and as their caravan roam the huge Sahara, his uncle fills in the historic gaps for young Hasan, teaching him the art of storyt elling. His tone was so reassuring, Hasan later recalls, that it made me breathe once more the odors of the Granada of my birth, and his prose was so bewitching that my camel seemed to move forwards in time with the rise and fall of its rhythms. When the uncle dies, Hasan takes command of the caravan and returns home with his first wife, while his sister Miriam is forced to the lepers quarter in Fez. At the end of the fifteenth century, however, Fez was still enjoying great commercial prosperity and was at the peak of its fame as a seat of learning, its mosques, and libraries being the resort of students from many parts of the Muslim world, it was therefore the most natural haven for the exiles from Granada. Next, his travels took him eastward across the Sahara to Egypt en route to Mecca for the Hajj, the annual Pilgrimage. On the boat trip up the Nile he met a woman who gave him the use of her house for his break in Cairo. It was there that he met and married the beautiful Nur, widow of a nephew and rival to the Ottoman caliph, Selim the Grim. â€Å"In no other city than Cairo, doesShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Moor in the Works of William Shakespeare4150 Words   |  17 Pagesliterature of the period. Moors appear not only as subject matter in writings during this time, but as authors as well. Two nooks that may have influenced peoples views of Africa were Hakluyts Principal Navigations, written in 1589, and John Leo Africanus A Geographical Historie of Africa, which was widely read in Europe in the latter half of the 1500s and translated into English by John Pory in 1600 (Bartels 435).       Hakaluyts work is characterized by descriptions of his personal

Perspectives on International Law in Turkey -myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about thePerspectives on International Law in Turkey for Rights. Answer: Introduction The International Human Rights law was established in 1948 under the Declaration of rights of human beings. These rights are used to express the right and freedoms of all human beings irrespective of their race, origin or background. This was an agreement made to uphold the nature of human beings and has been used to create treaties, bills, conventions and constitutional provisions (Human rights, 2006). The International Human Rights consist of the two Covenants on Civil, Political Rights, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the Bill of Human Beings Rights (Michael, 2014). The International Law protects human rights through International Treaties. For instance, when a country joins a treaty that is bound by the international human rights law, it must protect individual human rights, and avoid from interfering with those rights (United Nations, n.d.). Turkey is a country that is accused of human rights violations on multiple occasions especially due to the series of coups experienced. Human rights conventions have been ratified in various states but there are still many violations that are reported especially in non-western countries. In Turkey, the government had made efforts to protect and respect individual human rights. However, recently after the attempted coup in 2016, the violation of human rights has been on the rise. This essay argues about the universalism and relativity of human beings rights. Turkey In the past, Turkey was under the Ottoman Empire which underwent secession after the first world war. As a result, in 1923, a new Turkey was established. The international human rights conventions were established after the second world war. Traditionally, Turkey was a country that violated human rights especially those of detainees. This is mainly due to the coups that have affected it between 1960 and 1980. In 2002, the new government under the Justice and Development Party uphold the international law and it started by abolishing the state of emergency that had been there for twenty-five years (Human Rights and the Transformation Process in Turkey, 2013). This government made changes that were targeted towards improving the human rights laws in Turkey. In 2010, the constitution was amended and it included more rights and the restructuring of the judicial system. In 2013, it established a legal framework that allowed more freedom of speech based on the penal code of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) (Buckley, 2001). In addition, the prisons were inspected by the human rights inquiry committee which shared the findings with non- governmental organizations. Similarly, there have been efforts made to protect womens right regarding violence and abuse. Indeed, Turkey was the first country to sign the document on the convention in Istanbul concerning violence against women. additionally, there was more awareness on human rights with the issue being added to the primary school curriculum, high school electives, and professional training programs. Lastly, people with different religious beliefs were allowed to practice their religions and have different schools based on these beliefs (Human Rights and the Transformation Process in Turkey, 2013). In July 2016, there was a failed coup aimed against President Erdo?an and the Justice and Development Party in Turkey. The coup left more than 200 people dead and approximately 2000 injured. The events that led to the coup were clashes between the Kurdistan Workers Party and the government that left civil servant such as mayors jobless or detained. The government also blocked non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International and the United Nation from documenting human rights violations in the southeast region of the country (Amnesty International, 2017). It is worth noting that the Kurdistans Workers Party is defined as a terrorist group by the United States, the European Union and the Turkish government (Miles, 2017). In addition, the parliament had approved a law that gave the president executive powers. After the failed coup, the government announced a state of emergency which was later extended in October. Over the following months, there have been cases of human rights abuses of the detainees and civil servants. The country deviated from the two human rights conventions aforementioned but it is prohibited from deviating from the core rights that protect the rights of detainees (Human Rights Watch, 2017). The Turkish government has succeeded in denying the freedom of expression in the country by attacking journalists through prosecution, jailing and closing down of media outlets. Moreover, it has taken over media companies through appointing government trustees such as the Zaman Newspaper. Major government critics were also arrested and twitter accounts suspended at the request of the government. Civil servants such as teachers, and judges were suspended without investigation and non-governmental organizations shut down. In addition, trustees were appointed to replace elected offic ials. Perspectives of human rights in Turkey and the West Human beings rights are universal which means they are the same irrespective of the country where they are practiced. Universalism is the view that rights are similar in every country. Rights are either right or wrong depending on their nature not on their cultural setting. However, these rights can be applied differently depending on the cultural settings (Ellis, Emon, Glahn, 2012). In addition, this means that though a right depends on the culture of the people, its the nature of the right that determines its application. This view of human rights has been opposed because it is seen as a way for the Western states to dominate other states. This is mainly because human rights were developed by western states and seem to favor their interests. In a broader concept, this way of thinking is referred to as liberalism. Liberalists believe that human beings have basic rights that should be protected and respected (Marianne Tim, 2008). This is widely practiced by the Western states since 1945 before the human rights international law was established. On the other hand, in relativism, human rights are not dependent on culture but are as a result of those cultures. This means that there are no universal human rights and it is wrong for international institutions to impose such laws on sovereign states ("Human Rights", 2014). Additionally, some states accept that there are universal human rights but they reject the perspective of the Western states regarding human rights. According to these states, human rights development should be based on the religious beliefs and cultural values of various communities in the world (Ellis, Emon, Glahn, 2012). In a broader concept, this viewpoint is regarded as realism. According to realist, human rights are just a propaganda that should only be pursued if it is in the best interest of the country otherwise they should not be considered (Marianne Tim, 2008). In fact, these states regard human rights as a tool used by powerful states such as the United States to exercise their power and benefit. For example, when the United States wants to overthrow a regime it may use the international law on human rights for this purpose (Jones, 2013). The Refah Partisi and Others v. Turkey case were judged by the Grand Chamber of the ECHR in 2003. The case involved Refah Partisi a political party that was formed in 1983 (Case of Refah Partisi and Others V. Turkey, 2003). In 1995, the party was the most popular due to the majority of seats it obtained in the general election and had formed a coalition government. Prior to the Grand Chambers decision, the party had been dissolved by the Turkish constitutional court. The party was dissolved based on the following allegations that showed the party did not support secularism as required by the Turkish constitution. First, the party leaders advocated for the abolishment of secularism in public. Second, they openly supported the wearing of headscarves by women in public institutions which was against secularism. Third, some of the members openly supported the implementation of the Islamic law through bloodshed. Four, the members appealed to Islamic leaders to offer their support to the party and some hosted these leaders in meetings ("Refah Partisi and Others v. Turkey Article 19", 2003). Meanwhile, the party did not take any disciplinary measures on any of these members showing that their views reflected the views of the party. The party brought the case before the court due to the abuse of their freedom of expression and association. However, the principal state counsel that had filed the case for its dissolution argued that the party supported had expressed its opinion regarding plurality where the legal systems are different for various groups based on their religious beliefs such as sharia law. Therefore, these meant that the partys objectives were not in alignment with those of the state and the constitution did allow such a party to be dissolved. The Grand Chamber ruled that the party should be dissolved. This is because sharia laws were incompatible with the democratic laws. Refah had argued that it supported pluralism because it gave courts jurisdiction on cases that dealt with religious beliefs. The court agreed that political parties are a form of freedom of association in a democratic society. This means that the dissolution of the party was indeed a violation of the freedom of association. However, the European Convention mainly upheld the laws of a democratic society and not laws based on religious beliefs ("Refah Partisi and Others v. Turkey Article 19", 2003). The court also recognized that pluralism is a form of democracy. This supports the freedom of expression of political parties. For this case, there was a violation of the freedom of expression of Refah. Secularism was considered one of the principles that the state is governed by. A violation of this principle threatened the democracy of the state thus the dec ision to dissolve the party was upheld. This case revealed the different views on human rights. For members of Refah, freedom of expression involved the expression of their religious beliefs and their relation to the law. According to them, the international law should be in agreement with the sharia law. Meanwhile, the international community feels that the sharia law is a threat to the universal human rights. This means that for one law to exist the other must be abolished. This restrictive nature of the international laws enforces the belief that these laws do not consider the cultural and religious beliefs of a community hence relativism (Ellis, Emon, Glahn, 2012). Nevertheless, in a world where Islam is the fastest growing religion shouldnt it be wiser to find common ground between international law and Islamic law? Another similar case had been brought before the same court in 1998 namely, United Communists Party and others v. Turkey ("Case of the united communist party of Turkey and others v. Turkey", 2007). The party had been formed in 1990. In the same year, the Principal of state wanted it dissolved based on the allegation that it threatened the unity of the citizens. Another reason is that the word communist had been used in naming the party. Lastly, it was seen as a replacement of the Kurdish Workers Party which had been dissolved. In its program, the party had stated that it would fight for the rights of the Kurdish through the political arena but not through violence as is advocated by the international community. The party advocated for the unity of Kurds and Turks to restore peace. Despite this, the party was dissolved in 1991("Case Law of The European Court of Human Rights Related to Public International Law", 2016). In the trial, the government argued that the name communist undermined the constitution. According to the name, the party would advocate a communism which was against the constitutions law on pluralism. The partys agenda to free the Kurdish people also undermined the constitution and unity of the people. According to the constitution, the Turkish citizenship did not recognize such identities. The Kurdish were allowed to identify themselves by that title but they were not allowed to form minority groups. The applicants complained that dissolving the party was a violation of their freedom to assemble and associate. The court ruled that political parties are an essential part of a democratic state. The court emphasized that political parties were included in the article regarding the association. In addition, it stated that the government was allowed to act in any way when it felt that a party threatened the state but it had to do within the guidelines of the convention. It ruled that based on the partys agenda, there was no evidence that showed the party intended to use violence to violate the rights of other people or push its agenda. There was no evidence to show that the party was not supporting democracy. In fact, the party had outlined in its constitutions that one of its methods to resolve conflict was to use dialogue which is democratic. Additionally, the partys name could not prove without any doubts the party was a threat to the nations security ("United Communist Party of Turkey v. Turkey", 2008). The chairman and the vice chairman had also asked to be compensated for the damages incurred in legal fees due to the dissolution. They also claimed their rights to associate and express themselves had been violated. This is because once the party was dissolved they were also banned from holding public offices such as members of parliament. The court ruled that dissolving the party had interfered with the rights of its chairman and vice chairman regarding their association. As a result, the government was supposed to compensate them the total sum of the legal fees incurred ("United Communist Party of Turkey v. Turkey", 2008). Based on this case, it is evident that the Turkish government is violated the laws in the convention when dissolving this party. It is universal that in a democratic society political parties are a must and they represent different political views of the citizens. Despite this, the government was against the idea of a political party that expressed the views of the Kurdish people. This reveals the governments relativism in dealing with the political rights of its citizens. Evidently, when the situation presented itself the government chose to defy the international law and impose its own rules. Conclusion The constitution of the country allows the derogation of the laws in the state of emergency but it must not be against the international laws. Additionally, it states some laws that are not supposed to be suspended. For example, everyone has a right to their own life, and they have a right to remain innocent until they are proven guilty in a court through a fair trial ("The Turkish State of Emergency Under Turkish Constitutional Law and International Human Rights Law ", 2017). Similarly, the international law provides suspensions depending on the extremity of the situation. There are also no suspensions in cases such as regarding a persons life, freedom from torture, and religion. As aforementioned, the Turkish government is currently violating these rights. This shows the governments relativism regarding these laws. Based on the first legal judgment, the universal perspective is widely accepted by the international community especially the western states. In this case, the court ruled that there was an incompatibility in the Islamic and international law which threatened the democracy of the country. Generally, in Turkey, the law concerning these rights is adhered to only when it suits the national interest thus relativism. In conclusion, both should be considered in the implementation of human beings rights especially in Turkey where they seem to be enforced only if they are in the best interest of the nation. References Amnesty International. (2017).Turkey 2016/2017. Retrieved 10 October 2017. Buckley, M. (2001). The European Convention on Human Rights and The Right to Life in Turkey.Human Rights Law Review, 36-60. The case of the united communist party of Turkey and others v. Turkey. (2007).The International Journal of Human Rights,2(2), 78-79. Ellis, D., Emon, J., Glahn, G. (2012).Islamic Law and International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press. Human Rights and the Transformation Process in Turkey. (2013). Retrieved from https://wp-content/uploads/SAM_Papers.pdf Human Rights Watch. (2017).Turkey.Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 10 October 2017, from https://world-report/2017/country-chapters/turkey Human rights. (2006) (p. 10). New York. Human Rights. (2014). Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://entries/rights-human/ Jones, R. (2013).Islam and English Law. Cambridge University Press. Marianne, H., Tim, D. (2008).Human rights in international relations. Retrieved from HTTP:/ //politics/research/readingroom/Dunne-Goodhart-chap04.pdf Michael, H. (2014).International Human Rights. Abingdon: Routledge. Miles, T. (2017).U.N. documents human rights violations in southeast Turkey. Retrieved 10 October 2017. Refah Partisi and Others v. Turkey Article 19. (2003). Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://resources.php/resource/2627/en/refah-partisi-and-others-v.-turkey The Case Laws of The European Court of Human Rights Related to Public International Law. (2016). Retrieved 11 October 2017, from https://rm.coe.int/pil-2017-case-law-rev-en-case-law-echr/ The case of Refah Partisi (The Welfare Party) And Others V. Turkey. (2003). Retrieved from https://wp-content/uploads/old-site-downloads/download-Refah-Partisi-v.-Turkey.pdf The Turkish State of Emergency Under Turkish Constitutional Law and International Human Rights Law (2017).America Society of International Law. Retrieved 15 October 2017, from https:// insights/volume/21/issue/1/turkish-state-emergency-under-Turkish-constitutional-law-and United Communist Party of Turkey v. Turkey. (2008). Retrieved 15 October 2017, from https://resources.php/resource/3122/en/echr:-united-communist-party-of-turkey-v.-turkey United Nations.The Foundation of International Human Rights Law. Retrieved 10 October 2017.

What are Niccolo Machiavelli’s ideas on effective leadership Sample Essay Example For Students

What are Niccolo Machiavelli’s ideas on effective leadership Sample Essay Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince† is a extremely alone manuscript that outlines Machiavelli’s positions on effectual leading. This piece was meant to function as a usher for what characteristics the ideal prince should possess. Machiavelli neer stated who the really â€Å"Prince† is but instead gives advice and illustrations on how person would go the perfect swayer. The Prince was written in the early 1500s where â€Å"Popes were taking ground forcess. and affluent city states of Italy were falling one after another into the custodies of foreign power† ( Wikipedia ) . It was a clip of switching confederations. political relations. and the outlook of a larger ground forces size would compare to a stronger state. We can detect with the drastic lives they lived. Machiavelli was partially influenced by his life style. As an single Machiavelli was of course misanthropic about the human race and that deeply influenced his work. We will write a custom essay on What are Niccolo Machiavelli’s ideas on effective leadership Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Machiavelli’s chief thoughts on effectual leading were:1 ) A prince should prefer being feared instead than being loved. Machiavelli suggests it is â€Å"much safer to be feared than loved† ( The Prince. 3 ) . When you strike fear in your minions so they will go more intimidated. He mentions that work forces are so easy manipulated that a adept prince can command them at will. â€Å"Men. that they are thankless. fickle. false. cowardly. envious. and every bit long as you win they are yours wholly ; they will offer you their blood. belongings. life and children† ( The Prince. 4 ) . A prince that regulations on love instead than fear wouldn’t win in the existent universe because they are governing on promises and friendly relationships. Promises and friendly relationships can easy be broken but striking fright is normally lasting for an effectual Prince. 2 ) A Prince should hold mean and broad qualities. In chapter XVI Machiavelli implies that a prince should possess both a rough attitude and a mentality for autonomy. A prince should merely let freedom to those who earned it. A prince can take his ground forcess into conflict plundering and leveling everything in sight while passing down points that belong to others to the work forces of his ain. â€Å"this autonomy is necessary. otherwise he would non be followed by his soldiers† ( The Prince. 2 ) . Machiavelli entails a prince should be defensive of his land and ground forcess ; to avoid being hated and despised. A swayer that grants autonomies without being harsh will take to the ruin of the Prince. â€Å"Therefore it is wiser to hold a repute for beastliness which brings reproach without hatred. than to be compelled through seeking a repute for liberality† ( The Prince. 2 ) . 3 ) Keeping and keeping religion. A prince can ever separate the work forces who do non move in good religion ; therefore a wise prince is non bound to maintain religion with them. However. it is best for a prince to possess the â€Å"qualities of clemency. religion. unity. humanity and faith. † ( e. g. : the terminals justify the agencies ) . A prince must avoid the hate of his topics by maintaining them good armed and happy. by forbearing â€Å"to be a lawbreaker of the belongings and adult females of his subjects† ( The Prince. 9 ) . This manner a prince can change over possible enemies into followings and maintain his bing ground forcess faithful. Exemplifying similarities between Machiavelli’s point of view and modern twenty-four hours concerns isn’t hard. A corporation has male monarchs and Queenss. princes and princesses. its Lords and embassadors and their several ground forcess. A corporation besides has its enemies and its friends. It is besides noted that Machiavelli’s guidelines besides apply to amalgamations and acquisitions ( Oldham ) . When comparing Machiavelli toward modern concern patterns we see many defects. Is it acceptable for a company to perpetrate perfidy and fraud as a tolerable maneuver to acquire in front? Obviously non. Machiavelli mentality has non seen how the universe would turn out. Our universe has evolved so rapidly that even Machiavelli couldn’t predict the hereafter. .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .postImageUrl , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:hover , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:visited , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:active { border:0!important; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:active , .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071 .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u10ae6559d5b4c3de899d8321c698d071:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hinduism Analysis EssayIts true that a director needs to intermix a combination of fright and love to efficaciously take his/her subsidiaries. Realistically. which foreman do you love the most? The foreman who often threatened to fire you? Or the foreman who treated you with regard and listened to what you have to state? Not a tough inquiry. In today’s environment where work topographic point equality is going a mainstream issue directors have to surely â€Å"love† all their employees. However it’s true that employees may take advantage of their sort hearted personality which is why they must hold some degree of grade in â€Å"fear† . Directors must utilize their power when appropriate. It’s reasonably hard to happen a balance between the two in my sentiment. about impossible. In my sentiment. Machiavelli’s theory of â€Å"fear† over â€Å"love† is flawed in the sense that it won’t work in today’s environment. directors need to equilibrate their fear-based methods and encompass new ways of edifice love into the company’s organisational civilization. Directors and corporate leaders need to be broad in the manner where they can efficaciously authorise their employees to do their ain determinations. Leadership has alteration indefinitely where it is no longer a traditional hierarchy. A leader must larn how to train his/her employees where appropriate but non be selfish with their power and authorization. A leader taking in inhuman treatment will ensue in a high turnover rate and will take to the ruin of the concern. Trust is frequently an of import issue in concern. The trust between concerns and clients is the definition of net incomes and gross. Without trust a company would neer do it off the land. Therefore leaders of big transnational corporations need to be honest from the beginning. It is apparent that Machiavelli and the modern concern age have something they agree upon. Keeping and keeping religion. Constructing a strong trust icon can frequently take your company into positive public feedback. With that positive feedback comes more growing. more employees and in the terminal more clients. ( The terminals justify the agencies ) In decision. Machiavelli was able to sketch what a perfect leader would look like. by separating the needed traits a leader needed to hold. A leader needed to be feared. cruel at the same clip they need to maintain religion. Realistically Machiavelli’s the â€Å"perfect prince† is unachievable in the modern concern age. Machiavelli was a realist. he saw his universe for how it was ran. and non how it would hold been if it was perfect. He designed the prince to suit into this blemished universe. At that clip his prince would hold succeeded because it was a clip of frequent war. Today his prince would neglect. for now we are a universe governed by Torahs and non war. WORKS CITED Machiavelli. Niccolo. Part 1: Ancient to Pre-Industrial The PrinceProject Gutenberg. 08 March. 2008Oldham. Ronnie Machiavelli’s The Prince: A modern executive 16 Sept. 200009 March. 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pillowrock. com/ronnie/machiavelli. htmWikipedia. Online. 2006. Wikipedia. the free encyclopaedia. 08 March. 2008http: //en. wikipedia. org

Free sample - The Twenties Modernism Vs Traditionalism. translation missing

The Twenties Modernism Vs Traditionalism. The Twenties Modernism Vs TraditionalismIntroduction This decade (1920-1929) is also known as the 'Roaring Twenties ' and sometimes as the 'Jazz age'. This is a period with a huge number of developments in the United States, first of all, there was the economic boom, and this was a post war effect of the First World War. The decade was graced with a spell of economic prosperity. In the early years of this decade, America realized that they have huge urbanized settings than rural. This was also the time when there was prohibition in the United States causing rise of criminals and criminal families such as Al Capone and the Chicago outfit. During this decade, baseball was the major sport and this was when the immigration act was passed. This is also when women were allowed to vote in the nation and work so there was a rather large number of women in work areas.1 Modernism versus Traditionalism During that decade the generation of youth began behaving differently than was previously seen as the norm. Youths lived in the urban areas and mostly led brush (fast-paced) lives. This new trait that was developing altogether is what is being referred to as modernism now and the traits that were left in order to adopt this new life standard is known as traditionalism. Before modernism, the elders stayed in the rural areas and lead quiet and deliberate lives. In order for us to see both sides of the coin of this argument we should try to understand these two groups of individuals. We must consider this in the light of how they saw each other in what areas and what makes them different. These areas are Urban and Rural, Evolutionist and Creationist, Youthful and Aged, The Alcohol debate (prohibition), The radio and Car effects. URBAN VS RURAL: during this time America was at the peak of urbanization trend that began around fifty2 years earlier and for the first time the nation was seen as more urban than rural. The modernists of this time preferred the fast-paced lifestyle. The time was characterized by a huge influx of population to the cities. The cities offered their thoughts to the traditionalists who were backward people at that time and were against development and that they lived their lives based on very thin margins of thinking and they were not open to change. The traditionalists at the time preferred the quiet life in the countryside and the farms. Generally the rural people had their own opinions about the modernists who lived in the cities; they considered them immoral due to their dressing styles and other character traits and since the modernists were more in the cities and business was prosperous they saw the modernists as people too much into money and materialistic values. EVOLUTIONIST AND CREATIONISTS: The modernists at the time started drifting away from the norm and beliefs of religion. They no more accept the known doctrines that the world was created by a deity which was a strong belief of traditionalists; modernists started becoming more liberal and started accepting explanations that the world, as we know it, was evolved as stated by the biological concept of evolution.3 This concept says that any living creature is bound by time and develop with the passage of time; this means the creatures become better in their later generations. This also caused a major trial4 (the Scope’s trial) which happened in 1925 in the state of Tennessee in which a teacher, John Scope was accused of teaching the concept of evolution to his students. The teacher was found guilty but the trial ruling was overturned due to a problem in the prosecutions side. The traditionalists preferred to stick to religion and its doctrines at the time. They stay within the boun daries and teachings of bible and believed that the world was created by God and that evolution was a myth and that the opinion that humans came from monkeys (as dictated by the theory of evolution) is untrue and it should not be taught to students as it is misleading and would derail the generation away from their roots and culture as they literally are considered to be the gospel. Thus traditionalist were against it. YOUTH AND ELDERS/ADULTS: In this period it was the youths that mainly look to the modernist lifestyle. At the time, the youth gave precedence to certain objects that the elders did not see as necessary. Youths loved cars and the fast lives. They court around not to find spouses but just to have fun. Youths also desired life that gave off an air of independence and this they can only find in the cities and urban areas where one had to be a bit unscrupulous in order to get along. The women youth of the time came to be known as flappers due to their dressing habits, they wore short dresses and dyed their hair; this was the fashion at the time. They also wore make up which was not the norm. The elderly at the time are the ones who had the traditionalist aspect in them. They preferred life that gave them a sense of community and security which was mainly found in the rural and farm areas. They saw the youth of the time as being careless and immoral; the traditionalists had a more conserva tive dressing style, a more modest living and even speaking style. Even in the art that the traditionalists preferred it was more modest and subtle. THE ALCOHOL FACTOR: This also falls into the realm of prohibition5 also know as the 'noble experiment'. This was a period in which United States government had banned any activity that involved alcohol in its borders as in the transport, manufacture and sale of alcohol was banned within the United States borders.   Now even though this was the situation in the country, alcohol still did play a major role in the modernist vs. traditionalist agenda, after all, alcohol was still available mainly by means of crime lords and families such as that of Al Capone and the Chicago outfit. Modernists saw alcohol as an element that provided personal freedom. This was a complete paradox of what the traditionalists believed: they said that alcohol caused crimes and broke apart families and that where there was no alcohol people were generally happier and healthier. This period caused the aforementioned crime outfits to prosper even though alcohol was later legalized in 1933. EFFECTS OF THE RADIO: In 1923, there was a frenzy about radio and by the end of that year there was close to six hundred radio stations and close to half a million households in the nation possessed radio sets; whereas in 1922, there was less than a hundred thousand sets. Thus, within a short while it seemed as though radio was all everyone was doing because almost all organizations that were worth mentioning had radio stations. This provided a sure quick fire resulted in easy access to information. Spreading ad and promotions becomes easier. In addition to information, radio also provided entertainment. This changed lifestyle preferred by the modernists is what is totally different from the lifestyle followed by traditionalists. Traditionalist think modernist as leaving their norms behind, whereas young traditionalist thinks modernist’s lifestyle as attractive. Thus, it has been said that the Twenties were shaped by a clash of culturesmodernist versus traditional. This was an era shaped by two groups of people different in almost everything, whether it is their thoughts or their dressing style, their religion beliefs or their general lifestyle. Two cultures were coming face to face thus there were clashes plus acceptances. Thus people always give this argument that that time was a time of cultural clash.    Bibliography: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Paul Sann, The Lawless Decade(Dover Publication: New York 1970). 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"A GODLIKE PRENSENCE †: the impact of radios in 1920s and 1930s 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wayne Curtis, Bootleg Paradise (American heritage: may/April 2007). 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Barth , The Friday Book(G. P. Putnam's Sons:1984). 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Carneiro Robert, Evolutionism in Cultural Anthropology: A Critical History(Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 2003).

6 WARNING Signs Youre Getting Fired

6 WARNING Signs Youre Getting Fired Afraid you might lose your job? Are you starting to hide from your boss when you see her coming? Rather than live in fear, why not confront the situation and consider the following 6 warning signs you’re getting fired? That way you could maybe even do something about it and avoid the inevitable. You could try to turn things around at your current company or start looking for a new job while you still have the safety net of a paycheck. Here are the top 6 warning signs you’re getting fired:1. Role shiftYour job has changed, and not for the better. If your role suddenly shifts or you’re moved to a different department without explanation, and that move is lateral- i.e. you haven’t been promoted, then you’re probably in the danger zone.2. More responsibilities, same payIf you’ve been given lots more to do, or some more difficult projects, but you haven’t been given a pay bump to go with it, then that probably means you’re absorbing the work of someone who was laid off- or someone they were planning on hiring but didn’t, for whatever reason. It’s never a good sign to be asked to do more without being compensated. Keep your eyes open from here on out.3. The top dogs are jumping shipIf your company’s top performers are bailing and taking jobs elsewhere, then you might do well to follow them. Trust that they best guys know where to go in order to be valued. And ask yourself why you’re not doing the same.4. Your industry is overOkay, maybe not over, but sort of sinking. Your company may be okay, but your industry is experiencing a bit of a lull or lag. Don’t get complacent. Start thinking how your skills and position might translate into other fields and don’t get caught with your pants down.5. Your company has a new strategyThis implies that the old one wasn’t working so well. Try to avoid becoming associated with that old strategy, or risk getting thrown out along with it.6. Your company relocatesAny time a company moves, they jettison a lot of their extra weight and expensive employees. You could be one casualty of their cost-cutting.

Abkhazia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Abkhazia - Essay Example As a means of seeking to define and understand the dynamics of Abkhazia to a more complete degree, this brief analysis will be concentric upon discussing the history of Abkhazia, analyzing whether or not it has any claim to state, or a state within a state for that matter, as well as the particular situation that exists within Abkhazia within the present time. Like so many of the other ethnic groups within the region of the South Caucuses, the ethnic definition of the â€Å"state of Abkhazia† quite literally has a direct connotation to the land of the â€Å"Land of the Apsians†; the racial and ethnic identifier that the individuals who reside within the bounds of Abkhazia utilize to denote themselves as compared to the Ossetians to the east, Russians to the north and the Georgians and Armenians to the South (Harzl, 2011). Within such an ethnic interpretation of what defines Abkhazia, the reader can quickly come to understand how the conflict which played out in 2008 was ultimately fomented and furthered.

Blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Blog - Essay Example Generally speaking BBC has the responsibility of telecasting news in a genuine manner with accurate news content. It also has the responsibility to enhance creativity and promote skill of future generation in media profession. There are also difference between quality and popular newspaper where the former projects international and national news but will have politically biased content while popular papers are consumed by readers who are minorly educated. Language and layout of quality paper is precise whereas popular paper gives news in fancy layout and less authentic language. It could be said that the quality of journalism has increased due to the arrival of social media. The diversity of news broadcasting also has increased with the incoming of social media. Moreover users can research their news related and also can broadcast through blogs and updates in social networking sites. However it is sad that in my home country government does censor the press and regulate news which is

The Madding Crowd Essay Example for Free

The Madding Crowd Essay Obsession is prevalent as a theme in Far from the Madding Crowd. Obsession carries the plot and creates action between the characters. In this essay, I will examine how the characters advance the plot through their obsessive behaviour towards each other. Far from the Madding Crowd is by Thomas Hardy and was first published in a series in the Cornhill Magazine in 1873. This can be seen by the large amount of short chapters, often with titles that make the reader wonder what the chapter contains, such as ‘The Following March – â€Å"Bathsheba Boldwood†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. It can also be seen in the cliff-hangers they often end with, encouraging the reader to buy the next magazine to read it. The title comes from ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’ a poem by Thomas Gray, a favourite of Hardy’s poets. The complete line seventy-three reads: ‘Far from the madding crowd’s ignoble strife’, describing how life in towns is full of petty conflicts, whereas life in the countryside is more simple and therefore, better. Although the novel does often describe the beauty of the countryside, a part of England Hardy believed to be disappearing because of the industrial revolution, it may also be ironic, because the emotional turmoil, often caused by obsession, that the main characters go through is certainly not calm. The novel starts with Oak as he sees ‘an ornamental spring waggon’ with Bathsheba inside. She unwraps a ‘small swing looking-glass’ and gazes at herself, without showing any ‘necessity whatever’ for looking. Oak comments that ‘the greatest of [her faults]’ is she is obsessed with her own beauty. This vanity is continued for the majority of the book. An example of this is when Bathsheba has learnt sheep ‘have broken fence’ and eaten young clover. Hardy mentions that she was wearing a ‘rather dashing velvet dress’, which was ‘carefully put on before a glass’. It is this negative characteristic of Bathsheba which will cause her such misfortune later in the novel. Bathsheba’s obsession with herself drives her to ‘direct [a] missive to Boldwood’. This is because she feels piqued after Liddy tells he ‘didn’t turn his head’ in church that day, despite ‘his pew [being] exactly opposite [Bathsheba’s]’. Boldwood’s ‘nervous excitability’ about the fact that someone may want to marry him makes him first obsessed with finding the writer of the note, and then Bathsheba herself. This is reflected in the sunrise described the day after Boldwood receives the valentine. It symbolizes a strong new feeling in Boldwood of love, which Hardy likens to ‘a red and flameless fire’. The more she tells him she has ‘not fallen in love with’ him, the more he desires her. His true ‘mental derangement’ is revealed towards the end of the novel, when an ‘extraordinary collection’ of packages is found, ‘labelled â€Å"Bathsheba Boldwood†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Boldwood’s character shows obsession, in his case with Bathsheba, to be unhealthy and a trait of a crazed person. Bathsheba’s infatuation with Troy is another important obsession in Far from the Madding Crowd. Her name also hints at her potentiality to be tempted, the Bathsheba in the Bible being tempted to commit adultery by David. She confesses her feelings to Liddy, telling her she loves Troy ‘to very distractions and misery and agony’. However, Hardy describes Troy as ‘moderately truthful towards men but to women lied like a Cretan’. Therefore the reader knows the relationship is doomed from the start, being built on untruthfulness and obsession. This is hinted at through the song that Bathsheba sings before Troy comes to Weatherbury: On the banks of Allan Water. It tells of a soldier’s love of a miller’s daughter, which is found to be untrue. Like the soldier in the song, Troy’s love is false too. After marrying Bathsheba, Troy develops an obsession with gambling. Although the one obsession that does not move the plot along, it instead shows the mistake that Bathsheba made by giving in to her obsession to marry him. She calls their marriage a ‘mistake’ and laments that her once ‘independent and spirited’ self has ‘come to this’. The start of the chapter takes place on ‘Yalbury Hill’, a ‘steep long ascent’. This may denote the uphill struggle the couple were going through at that point. Troy’s shallow nature is also shown through is lack of care for Fanny, the girl who Troy breaks promise with to marry despite impregnating her. He does not want her when she is alive, but is obsessed with her when she is dead. His lack of care is shown when Fanny asks him ‘when shall [they] be married’, and after she is gone, Troy and his fellow soldiers mock her with a ‘low peal of laughter’, demonstrating his disregard for Fanny’s wants. This is shown by Fanny being described as a ‘little spot’; a mild annoyance to Troy. Troy is shown to be insensitive, Hardy often referring to him as ‘the wall’ rather than ‘Troy’ when he speaks. The wall is described as being blacker ‘than the sky’. Hardy compares him to the wall to show the reader he is a ‘bad, black-hearted man’, which Troy admits to, much later in the novel. In comparison, when Troy sees Fanny’s corpse for the first time, he feels an ‘indefinable union of remorse and reverence’ and declares she is his ‘very, very wife’. His full obsession is shown the next day, when he is told to be ‘almost oblivious of’ Bathsheba and to not think ‘there was any element of absurdity’ in spending the whole day tending to Fanny’s grave. Like Boldwood, his obsession has caused him to become temporally mentally deranged. The consequences of the characters’ obsessions come to a climax in Chapter 53. Boldwood’s and Troy’s behaviours result in tragic fates, Boldwood having ‘cocked’ and ‘discharged’ a gun at Troy, while Boldwood being sentenced to ‘life imprisonment’ after being shown to not be ‘morally responsible’ for his actions. Their fortunes are because of their dangerous obsessions with women they cannot have: Boldwood with Bathsheba who does not love him and Troy with Fanny after she has died. The results of giving into obsessions are reflected in the natural events which occur throughout the novel. An example of this is when Bathsheba’s flock ‘[get] into a field of young clover’. Here, they are giving into their impulses, before paying the consequences by ‘getting blasted’: being so bloated their stomachs expand which causes death. This is a mirroring of Bathsheba’s decision to give in to her obsession and marry Troy, despite Gabriel Oak’s heeding. Later in the novel, we see the disastrous consequences. Throughout the novel, the only character that remains above these obsessions is Gabriel Oak. Hardy illustrates this through his name: Gabriel, an angel, often said to be the spirit of truth, and Oak, a strong and sturdy tree, not often affected by weather around it. After Bathsheba tells Oak she ‘[does] not love [him]’, he resolves to ‘give his days and nights’ to Ecclesiastes. Ecclesiastes states that ‘everything is meaningless’, and this belief that Gabriel takes on is shown in his ability to move on quickly from distressing events. For example, when Bathsheba demands him to leave her farm. In this situation, Oak does not protest but says ‘calmly’: ‘Very well’. It may be argued that Oak is obsessed with Bathsheba because he loves her strongly. Hardy describes Oak’s desire of Bathsheba as a ‘beautiful thread’ that he did not want to break, rather than a ‘chain’ which was impossible to. However, his ability to control his desires separates him from Boldwood’s obsessive behaviour. This is shown when Bathsheba finally gives in to Boldwood’s harassing and agrees to ‘marry [Boldwood] in six years’, despite ‘burst[ing] out crying’. Here, Boldwood lets his obsessive love of Bathsheba stop her from being happy, whereas Oak would rather Bathsheba was happy without him rather than her being unhappy and with him. Because of this, he is rewarded by having a ‘private, secret, plainest wedding’ with Bathsheba. Bathsheba’s character also changes. This is epitomized at the end of the book, when ‘Bathsheba [smiles]’ rather than ‘laughed readily’ at one of the villager’s jokes. This shows she has learnt from her experiences that it is not a good idea to get carried away with your emotions, fuelled by obsession. So to conclude, obsession can be found throughout Far from the Madding Crowd, in the characters, the plot and even the landscape. It is a main cause of the drama in the story by impelling the character’s conflicts. Obsession is an essential theme in Far from the Madding Crowd.

Odysseus is an Epic Hero :: essays research papers

People are heroes in different ways for different reasons. American soldiers are heroes because they fight boldly for their country. Corrie Ten Boom is also a hero because she took risks and saved hundreds of Jews. Abraham Lincoln is another example of a hero because he fought for what he thought was right and helped free all slaves. Similarly, Odysseus, the main character in Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey, possesses all of these characteristics and many more, making him a true epic hero. First of all, Odysseus is brave and courageous, giving him the initiative to fulfill his goals. One example is when Odysseus confronts Skylla. Odysseus purposely â€Å"made [his] way along to the foredeck—thinking to see her first from there† (Homer 217). If he was scared, he would have hidden underneath the deck. But instead, Odysseus goes out to face the beast. Odysseus knows that Skylla is immortal and cannot die, yet he is brave enough to confront her. Next, Odysseus fights the suitors, who are courting Penelope in his palace. The suitors greatly outnumber Odysseus, but Odysseus still chooses to fight even though the odds are against him and he is able to win. He stands up against those who do wrong. Having the courage to fight, Odysseus defeats the suitors and fulfills his goal of regaining his palace. If Odysseus was a coward and did not fight, then the suitors would have eventually won Penelope, resulting in Odysseus losing his palace and his wife. Ma ny people have bravery and courage, but not many use it, as Odysseus does, to achieve their purpose. Secondly, Odysseus has great self-control, which allows him to deeply contemplate his decisions. Moments before Odysseus falls asleep, he spots a â€Å"covey of women laughing as they [slip] out†¦to the suitors’ beds† (Homer 375). Seeing this, Odysseus is angered and wants to kill every one of the suitors right then and there. But Odysseus retains his self-control and does not strike yet. At that moment, if he did strike, he would have lost because he would not have been prepared. He retains all his anger for the final battle with the suitors. In that battle, Odysseus is fully prepared and ready to fight, resulting in all the suitors’ deaths. Next, when Antinoos throws a footstool at Odysseus, â€Å"Odysseus only [shakes] his head, containing thoughts of bloody work† (Homer 326).

America culture and society in the 1920s

Lynn Dumenil's account of the era commonly referred to as the â€Å"roaring twenties† in The Modern Temper: American Culture and Society in the 1920s there is an intentional emphasis placed on the effort to dispel the popular notion that the new, revolutionary transformations in culture and society that took place at this time in history were direct results of the First World War.In the stead of this less insightful means of analyzing the 1920's in America by assuming that the post war era was a direct creation and consequence from the war, the author offers the suggestion that the seeds of the twenties were planted much earlier during the industrial revolution and through the effects of a culture †¦ Showed first 120 words of 1136 Size (words) †¦ Continuing with another 115 out of 1136 Size (words) †¦ are aspects to this period that I feel this particular text does not give proper acknowledgement to.Dumenil does a good job of showing the prevailing winds of the time and analyzing the forces that pushed society forward into what it is today; however, little is said about the opposing forces that tried to collectively pull back the reigns of capitalism, secularism, and urbanization. These forces, which came in the form of the Industrial Workers of the World, William Jennings Bryan, and many others who attempted to retain the Victorian way of life also played an instrumental role in shaping society through their broad range of dissent from the path of urbanizationWhen most of us take a backward glance at the 1920s, we may think of prohibition and the jazz age, of movies stars and flappers, of Harold Lloyd and Mary Pick ford, of Lindbergh and Hoover–and of Black Friday, October 29, 1929, when the plunging stock market ushered in the great depression. But the 1920s were much more. Lynn Dumenil brings a fresh interpretation to a dramatic, important, and misunderstood decade.As her lively work makes clear, changing values brought an end to the repressive Victorian era; urban liberalism emerged; the federal bureaucracy was expanded; pluralism became increasingly important to America's heterogeneous society; and different religious, ethnic, and cultural groups encountered the homogenizing force of a powerful mass-consumer culture. The Modern Temper brings these many developments into sharp focus. Praise â€Å"The Modern Temper is an engaging, stimulating, and thoughtful re-creation of one of our most interesting and complex decades.†Lynn Dumenil's The Modern Temper provides an exciting and original synthesis of a crucial decade that few of us really understand. She makes the insights and confusions of the women and the men of the twenties come alive. This is an important book. â€Å"–Ellen Dubois, University of California at Los Angeles â€Å"Dumenil offers wealth of fresh insights on a fascinating decade. This illuminating study subtly recasts our understanding of an era whose tensions and stresses oft en uncannily parallel those of our own day. â€Å"–Paul Boyer, University of WisconsinSynopsis: when most of us take a backward glance at the 1920s, we may think of prohibition and the jazz age, of movies stars and flappers, of Harold Lloyd and Mary Pick ford, of Lindbergh and Hoover–and of Black Friday, October 29, 1929, when the plunging stock market ushered in the great depression. But the 1920s were much more. Lynn Dumenil brings a fresh interpretation to a dramatic, important, and misunderstood decade. As her lively work makes clear, changing values brought an end to the repressive Victorian era; urban liberalism emerged; the federal bureaucracy was expanded; pluralism became increasingly important to America'sheterogeneous society; and different religious, ethnic, and cultural groups encountered the homogenizing force of a powerful mass-consumer culture. The Modern Temper brings these many developments into sharp focus. Turning to the flip side of the '20s' flap per image, Dumenil looks at the darker side of the decade forming the â€Å"central motifs that have shaped the modern American temper. † Between the end of WWI and the stock market crash, the aura of get-rich-quick prosperity overshadowed tensions resulting from the highly skewed distribution of wealth.The unfettered capitalism of the time is reflected by Calvin Coolidge, who said, â€Å"the man who builds a factory builds a temple. The man, who works there, worships there. † In 1920, for the first time, half the U. S. population lived in cities. While life grew more organized, complex and sexually liberated, the reaction increased, too. Capitalists fanned a Red Scare following the 1919 Bolshevik Revolution, forcing American reformers to confront this inflated fear along with homegrown poverty and racism.Dumenil points to the mass consumer culture, corporate mentality, job structure that eroded individual autonomy, assembly lines, intense special-interest lobbying in Washington and the fusion of sexuality with consumption as among the decade's legacies to later American culture. Readers may wish that Dumenil spent more time on countervailing radical forces (Rand School of Social Science; Scott Nearing; Max Eastman's The Masses; Industrial Workers of the World, the IWW) that contributed to the ferment of this formative era.Even so, she has captured the fire of this volcanic time and weaves together scores of social and political threads into an insightful overview. American culture in the 1920,s and beyond has had a great significance up to date. The culture invented in those days is still in place and most people and groups still practice and keep the souvenirs so that they can pass from one generation to another. Religious influence is also to be seen in situations where new migrants have made residential decisions. polarizations of ethnic religious groups in the 1920’s to present day America the major division is that of protestants and Catholics.Social interaction within the city is often on the basis of these broad religious groupings which can over ride ethnic divisions. For example, the Dutch immigrant community is more likely to mix the Swedish immigrant community than with Italian because of religious affiliations. The third major religious group is that of the Jewish community and has a strong sense of territory and strong social processes internal to the community but with relative loose connection with other communities. Agricultural practices where practiced by farmers in rural areas.Most farmers began to drift from the highlands and into the lowland alluvial plains. They had been attracted by the greater agricultural fertility of the soil but what is certain is that the move led to profound changes in agrarian practice. Most farmers favored as an independent originator of agriculture, appears the most prolific. Among the crops which first emerged in the Americas where maize, potatoes, manioc, cacao, squ ash and tobacco, and among the animals where the llama, the turkey, and the guinea pig.Industrial revolution was latter invented which affected agriculture, transport, social organizations and urbanization. In fact there were few facet of life left untouched by them. in addition to this, it maybe argued that the changes which took place during the period conventionally recognized as that of industrial revolution had the origin sometimes many centuries earlier. In that sense the period was not one of revolution, but one in which there was a marked quickening of the processes already begun and underway. But few would deny that the industrial revolution marks one of the major transformations in history.it is important in this context because as well as its social and economic impact, it had profound geographical consequences. The social structure or political opinion of neighborhood influences the individual voting decisions. the neighborhood effect is similar to a diffusion process in that political attitudes spread within a district in several cities in U. S. A individuals of relatively low socio-economic class living in middle class neighborhoods are less likely to vote democratic (the traditional party of lower class voters ) than if they live in a lower class neighborhood.The individuals are affected in their voting behavior by the information and political environment of their area of residence. The degree of this influence is termed the neighborhood effect The process underlying the neighborhood effect depends on the probability of contacts of the voter with someone who will provide political information. This probability of contacts depends not only on social groupings in the neighborhood. Lynn dumenill’s account on all this issues is discussed in dept and formed the core values of the American culture.although a lot as borrowed from the past years and history the incorporation of it in the 1920’s made a strong cultural impact and the Americ ans also tend to keep their culture but due to intermarriages and new inhabitants heading to America. Most people doesn’t follow or know their past culture well unless they read from books References: Richard Marchand, 1985. Advertising the American Dream: Making Way for Modernity, 1920-1940. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Nine Dragons Paper Essay

How does Mrs Cheung think? What does she believe in when it comes to building her business? It is interesting to read how NPD gained its’ success through the waste or trash of the United States and Europe. I think this is right in line with how Mrs Cheung thinks; she wants to be ahead of all her competitors and gain every competitive advantage possible. By utilizing the paper waste of higher quality products in the US and Europe, she was able to bring this quality back to China where it was non-existent. As you can see in the reading as well, Mrs Cheung believes in rapid expansion to maximize revenue opportunity and that long term profits will come from taking on a lot of debt. But even as she said when speaking about the economic crisis: â€Å"Now the waves are so big, even some rocks are being washed away.† The economic crisis of 2008 did not only affect the small companies, but also the large and profitable ones like Nine Paper Dragons. How would you summarize the company’s financial status? How does it reflect the business development goals and strategies employed by Mrs Cheung? I would summarize the company’s financial status as struggling at the point this article was written. The company’s unsecured notes were rated as BBB- in April, 2008 and downgraded even lower to BB+ in October of 2008. On top of that, even though the company had a successful IPO in March of 2006, the debt accumulated after this IPO really hurt the company when the financial crisis hit in 2008. This demonstrates Mrs Cheung’s vision to take chances and be the market trend setter for her industry. It appeared though that she spread herself too thin through expansion and also through the large amount of debt she accumulated. Is NDP in trouble? How would you answer differ if you were an existing shareholder, potential investor, or analyst? Yes NDP is in trouble, In September 2007 NDP was at the peak of record share price HK$26.But in 2008 the share price of NDP started falling down and the company also announced they would delay of Rmb1.5 billion for the next 2009 fiscal year and they predicted the paperboard market would rebound but nothing great happen according to the market and they also said they would prepay $100 million of an existing $350 million. But according to the rating agencies the company market health is weak and being an existing shareholder, investor, or an analyst I would go with the rating agencies because they are expert in the share market and on the other hand the company itself issued profit warning, sales, profit forecast downward. And since company has an $350 million loan out which company said they would prepay $100 million to the bank and still on the balance amount the interest would keep on increasing and it means the debt of the company is increasing and even many bank’s have stopped answering there calls. As said by morgan Stanley the company earnings growth is based on expansion plans if they don’t expand it will effect the company target and growth.

Zoo Paper essays

Zoo Paper essays On my visit to the Zoo their were many interesting animals that grabbed my attention. The first animal was the Black Necked Swan which is also known by its scientific name Cygnus Melan Coryphus. This bird appeared to be very comfortable in its new environment at the Zoo. Their were two of these magnificent birds for me to observe. Both of them had snow white bottoms, with dark black necks and a red orange colored bill. The male swan is known as a cob and the female a pen, the males are usually a bit larger than the females. The areas of origin are in open lakes and marsh lands in the Southern parts of South America, including Chile, Argentina, and Falkland Islands. The black necked swan feeds on Aquatic plants in the zoo, and as wild swan they typically feed on vegetation, insects, and fish spawn. The black necked swan is not in any danger of being extinct. The swans seem to some how stay close to each other and their behavior was calm. I find the black neck on the swan to be very i nteresting, I had never known of a black necked swan until my recent visit to the zoo. The swans neck was very long it seems at times to wrap around the bottom of its body, as it dives its head into the pond. I think that the black necked swan is a must see bird. The gracefulness and common behavior makes it one of my top birds to purchase and put into a private pond. The multi color of this bird gives it a very complex, but different style that sets it in a class of its own. According to research these birds rarely are on land they are known to say in water, maybe this is some sort of instinct, which allows them to stay out of harms way. What ever the case, I hope these birds survive a long time so that others can view them as I did. The zebra is one of the most distinctive looking animals in the world, also known by its scientific name Equus burchelli bohmi. The zebra can usually be found in the grass lands and lightly wooded areas of eastern A...

Spelling Tips The Y to I Rule

Spelling Tips The Y to I Rule Spelling Tips: The Y to I Rule When a word ends in a vowel plus â€Å"-y,† it’s usually straightforward to modify it by adding a letter (or letters); adding â€Å"-ous,† for example, means â€Å"joy† becomes â€Å"joyous.† However, when a word ends in a consonant plus â€Å"y† things get more complicated, which can make spelling challenging. To ensure your written work is error-free, it helps to keep the y to i rule in mind. The Y to I Rule The basic rule is, for any word that ends in a consonant plus â€Å"-y,† change the â€Å"y† to â€Å"i† if adding a suffix or forming a plural. Plurals For plurals, simply change the â€Å"y† to an â€Å"-ies†: Singular Plural Story Stories Candy Candies Hippy Hippies First-Person Singular Past Tense Verbs Forming the first-person singular of a verb ending in a consonant plus â€Å"y† requires changing the â€Å"y† to â€Å"-ies,† while the past tense involves switching â€Å"y† for â€Å"-ied†: Verb First-Person Singular Past Tense Fry Fries Fried Apply Applies Applied Beautify Beautifies Beautified Comparatives Superlatives When an adjective ends in a consonant plus â€Å"-y,† forming a comparative or superlative involves changing the â€Å"y† to â€Å"-ier† and â€Å"-iest† respectively: Adjective Comparative Superlative Tiny Tinier Tiniest Jumpy Jumpier Jumpiest Thirsty Thirstier Thirstiest Forming Adverbs Modifying an adjective to make an adverb involves substituting the â€Å"y† for â€Å"-ily†: Adjective Adverb Happy Happily Lazy Lazily Flimsy Flimsily Exceptions The â€Å"y†-to-â€Å"i† rule doesn’t always work; some variations of â€Å"sly,† for example, can be spelled with either a â€Å"y† or an â€Å"i† (e.g., â€Å"slyest/sliest† and â€Å"slyer/slier†). Moreover, while changing â€Å"y† to â€Å"i† isn’t typically necessary when a word ends with a vowel plus â€Å"-y,† there are exceptions here too (such as modifying â€Å"day† to become â€Å"daily†). As such, although the y to i rule is a good guideline, it’s still important to double-check words if you’re not sure they’re spelled correctly.

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Reflection Paper - Essay Example Art is not something which stays stable but it evolves through time by being influence by everything. Technology is changing drastically over the years due to which art has successfully evolved into a whole new different vision. Now paintings are not just considered to be some creative and modernized images but are also created by the painters by taking the help of modern equipment and material. Though art has been there from the beginning as evidenced by the vestiges of the past but still the technology has made the use of new equipment possible and has provided it a whole new medium. The option of digital art allows people to work with images and colors and create masterpieces, without even having professional training. Other technological changes that have occurred in art during the last few decades include invention of colors spectrum, photography, computer manipulated photography, digital media, etc. (Souppouris, 2014). Graphic designing has become easier for the artists and can be carried out through Photoshop and illustrators, which has opened up a whole new realm for them for concentrating i.e. Web Design. It has also developed a great opportunity for the amateur designers as they do not have to learn much about manual typography and screen printing. Digital art such as ArtRage, Painter and Photoshop allows people to paint without even using an actual brush. In a way this technology improves the painting skills of the individual, as it is faster than working with oil, the painting can be easily discarded and this is much easier than using canvas (Pitt, 2012). American culture has always been the supporter of art even during the depression decade; the Washington State was seen as the home of the national art history, hosting some of the most creative and innovative musical, theatre and performing art (Zimmermann, 2013). For example it was during the darkest days of the great depression when

BHS 499 (Senior Capstone Project) Module 4 CBT Essay - 1

BHS 499 (Senior Capstone Project) Module 4 CBT - Essay Example y aging of present qualified nursing faculty; ineffective and diluted role expectations of some nursing faculty due to tremendous role-related stress and high faculty workload; lack of salary competitiveness in the clinical setting; nursing faculty members are not motivated to prepare for doctoral programs and too few applicants are willing to teach clinical courses at the same time conduct research, which are both essential roles in academic arena (Starnes-Ott & Kremer, 2007). Are there any solutions to the above-mentioned problems? Are some of the solutions already implemented? Or are the implemented programs for it working? These are some of the questions which require honest evaluations and can be answered by the facts below. Hospitals and other related agencies have fortunately identified significant elements crucial to the health as well as well being in work environment of a nurse, at the same time, the security and safety of the health care delivery system. According to Buerhaus, Donelan, Ulrich, Norman, & Dittus (2008), the said elements were identified based on the 2002 and 2004 surveys conducted and further disclosed that there are several positive changes in the work environment of nurses that have occurred and resulted in decreased overtime and stress, heightened job and career satisfaction and has improved relationships among nurses. Moreover, to arrive at the optimum approach to attain a healthy work environment basically depend on the employment setting, available resources, size, and the commitment of administration. Lovell (2006) rationalized that â€Å"overworking† pushes nurses out of their workplace to other health care settings this do not address the continuing concerns on wages and working conditions of nurse workforce. Cited by Lovell (2006), research published in peer-reviewed journals, workforce analyses, and other professional publications have confirmed that the crucial role played by wages in additional nurse labor supply. The

Financial Management Individual Work 1 Week 6 Essay

Financial Management Individual Work 1 Week 6 - Essay Example In this case, operating leverage reflects the intensification of the upper part of the revenue statement with the fixed costs being the costs of business procedure and that are not affected by alterations in sales. Within financial and income aspects of any business, working income is a component of business risk. For instance, with two indistinguishable firms and one firm utilizes higher operating advantage with all other things remaining constant, the firm experiences less predictable return on asset and operating income, and this results to elevated risks to the business. With an elevated business threat, the stock- and bondholder are affected (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2010). Financial leverage involves the degree of utilization of fixed charge securities within the capital structure of a given firm. High financial leverage occurs when the capital structure of a firm is characterized by elevated debts and preferred stock. In this case, the extent of entity sales characterized by equal costs and revenue presents the breakeven point and breakeven analysis can be done with or without financial costs (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2010). This way, the financial leverage represents the underside half of the revenue statement entails changes in EPS relative to alterations of EBIT. Financial leverage accounts for some aspect of corporation risk through debt financing. Through debt financing, a business is prone to variations in earnings prior to taxation after interests thus elevating earnings per share and the net income. Corporate risk is thus a summation of business risk and financial risk. Modigliani and Miller revealed that whether leveraged or not, firms should have equal value in the absence of taxes and other costs. Further, organizational value and weighted standard capital costs will be free of the capital structure (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2010). Consequently, constant

Contribution Of Summitry To Diplomatic Practice Politics Essay

Contribution Of Summitry To Diplomatic Practice Politics Essay In 1919, diplomatic practice as the world had known it was about to change. This change would be brought about by a culmination of factors, including but not limited to: advances in communication and transportation technology, the ending of WWI and, most notably, the coming together of world leaders at the inaugural Paris Peace Conference in January 1919. Two precedents were set during this conference: the establishment of the League of Nations (precursor to the United Nations) and the invention of the summit as a way of engaging in international diplomatic negotiations (Finch, 1919, p. 161). In this paper I shall focus on the effect of the latter on diplomatic practice nowadays. The conference is a good starting point when examining the role of summits in modern day diplomacy. Yes, leaders of government and heads of state had been meeting for years (Goldstein, 1996, pp. 23-25), but many leaders and delegates congregating on a global scale was truly a new phenomenon, one that would c hange the practice of diplomacy forever. In order to truly analyze the contribution of summitry, or the practice of engaging in summits to negotiate important issues, first, I shall examine the history of modern day summitry from its early beginnings at the aforementioned Peace Conference as well as the rise and unprecedented growth of summits as an option to solve a diverse range of global issues. I will scrutinize select past summits to see if they illustrate the effects of summitry. Then I will look at the broad picture and explain summitrys overall contribution to diplomatic practice. In the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, which was a twin byproduct of Woodrow Wilsons 14 points speech and Germanys desire to negotiate, the shape of diplomacy and international governance was changed forever with the establishment of the United Nations. This overshadowed the real reason the conference had been held: negotiations between the allied powers and the losers of WWI (Finch, 1919, p. 161). The conference also had another unintended consequence: the creation of the summit. A summit is, by definition, a meeting of heads of government to negotiate important or pressing issues. Summits can be planned yearly occurrences or impromptu conferences or meetings in which political leaders (at the highest level) meet for political purposes (Dunn, 1996, p. 20). In the resolution to create the League of Nations the following article states: 3. The members of the League should periodically meet in international conference, and should have a permanent organization and secretariat to carry on the business of the League in the intervals between the conferences (Finch, 1919, p. 170). This shows a concerted effort towards the establishment of using an annual international conference (i.e., summit) to resolve issues between states and to facilitate negotiations on pertinent issues. While the conference set the precedent of a diverse group of states meeting to discuss multiple issues, it also served the major world powers at the time. Under the name of the Council of Four, the USA, France, Great Britain and Italy were the only delegates to be meeting constantly throughout the entire conference, regardless of other sessions going on (Finch, 1919, p. 176). This demonstrates that the international balance was going to be maintained no matter how many other countries were invited to participate. This small allowance of extra importance and ability afforded by the conference allowed the diplomatic process of the past its first introduction to the impending paradigm shift. Traditional diplomacy (that of diplomats meeting diplomats) would meet its future where, much more often than used to be the case, heads of state themselves would do the negotiating and would meet with other delegates and representatives. This was the precise situation at the Peace Conference with President Wilson (USA), President Poincarà © (French Republic), Prime Minister Lloyd George (Great Britain) and Prime Minister Baron Sonnino (Italy), the Council of Four all in attendance, and participating in the negotiation of multiple issues (Finch, 1919, p. 168). This Council became the precursor to the G-5 who would come to dominate not only international relations but also diplomatic practice in general. The rise of summitry since that initial conference in 1919 has been astounding. There have been uncountable summits since 1919; the commonplace nature of their use has grown along with their importance. Summits have covered a multitude of issues and spanned regions and countries across the globe. In fact, it did not take long for the idea of summitry to take hold. Spurned by the outstanding representation of the original countries delegates, a conference convened in the United States in 1921-22. Although not as successful as the Paris Peace Conference, it still paved the way for future summits (Goldstein, 1996, p. 32). President Franklin Roosevelt followed Wilsons lead and attended multiple summits abroad thereby establishing the precedent of leaders of government venturing out to change foreign policy personally through their own diplomacy (Goldstein, 1996, p. 33). These two were the first in a long line of world leaders who would, through their interactions, negotiations and conferences at many sites around the world, help to shape not only the content but the process of diplomacy. While the focus of summitry over the years tended to be on the United States and the concessions that they intended to bring to the table, Europe has played a big part in the growth of summitry as a whole. In fact, the May 1960 Paris Summit between Russia, France and the USA focused on future European expansion issues and the direction and structure of NATO. It resolved key issues between America and Russia and led to drastic changes in Franco-American and Russo-American attitudes (Varat p. 102). The obstinate behavior and actions of Eisenhower, Khrushchev and de Gaulle, caused the eventual drastic failure of the negotiations, but despite this the summit itself would help to shape the history of diplomacy. The following passage describes what happened before the con ference closed: On 16 May, however, Khrushchev delivered the killing stroke to both the current summit and future ones when he launched into an overwrought tirade against American perfidy, berating Eisenhower for violating Soviet sovereignty and accusing him of wanting to start World War III (Varat, 2008, p. 105). The Hague Summit, December 1969, had an important impact on the future direction of summitry in Europe and is notable because it ratified summitry as a successful policy tool. Among other things, this summit was responsible for the creation of the European Monetary Union, negotiations on the enlargement of the European Union, and European political cooperation (Redmond, 1996, p. 54). This summit led to the decision, eventually to be brought forth and instituted at the Paris Summit in 1974, that it should institutionalize and regularize EU summits and hold them three times per year [although I should note that this practice was ended in 1985] (Redmond, 1996, p. 55). At the same time that European summitry was starting to stamp its influence on the diplomatic world, the then- recently un-colonized continent of Africa was beginning to recognize and utilize the process as well. From 1963 onwards, there has been a summit of African nations at least once a year, used to show unity on the continent and also to negotiate issues of importance to African states. This first conference in 1963 was held in Ethiopia, and is considered the most important African conference of the time, with 27 heads of government present and also creating the Organization of African Unity (Hodder-Williams, 1996, p. 136). Although, as Richard Hodder-Williams points out, there had been many meetings and groupings of African leaders dating back to 1918, this Organization and conference in 1963, showed the changing leadership and political dynamics in Africa as a whole (1996, p. 137). From these early beginnings until now, where summits cover a wide range of international problems (non state and state issues), the rise of involvement of summits in the area of international diplomatic negotiations and interactions has been phenomenal. The precursor to the present conference on Climate Change (in Copenhagen in December 2009) was the Earth Summit which was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June of 1992. It was, at the time, the biggest summit ever held, with 183 countries and over 40,000 observers and delegates participating in the process. The United Nations sponsored the event and the goal was to bring together as many world leaders as possible to help come to grips with, and hopefully put in place universal measures to tackle the problem, environmental degradation and destruction (Lanchberry, 1996, p. 222). The ability of leaders of many countries to come together (mind you with lots of advanced planning and negotiations) and recommend solid policy proposals (sometimes) for the world to adopt should not be underestimated when considering the effect of summitry in the diplomatic process (Lanchberry, 1996, p. 235-239). The Earth Summit is representative of many of the summits that take place every year and which cover a multitude of issues. Most notably, the way in which the media, world leaders, NGOs, and others attempted to come together for a common goal, even if the results appear watered down or dont go far enough when translated to policy, shouldnt alter the fact that leaders were able to coordinate their efforts, however briefly, to negotiate (or attempt to negotiate) binding policy. Two cases which help illustrate some of the highs and lows of the process of summitry are the International Landmine Treaty Ban and the G7/G8 failed summit in Hokkaido, Japan in 2008. The first illustrates the successes that can be achieved by summitry and some of the good decisions and processes that can occur along the way, while the other shows that sometimes diplomacy should be left to diplomats, not inexperienced negotiators (aka world leaders) who in the end just make a royal mess of things. In the span of just under five years, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) went from being an NGO awareness group, to being the key catalyst in the signing of a worldwide treaty to ban landmines (as well as the coordinator, Jody Williams, receiving the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize for her efforts) (Leguey-Felliux, 2009, p. 122). The non-profit group used intuition and keen planning to pressure the international community to enforce the changes that needed to be made. The UN landmine conference in Geneva in April of 1996, helped to initiate momentum towards the final end goal of a worldwide treaty as well as provide a platform from which NGOs and future governments could use to conduct the delicate negotiations needed to bring about the treaty (Leguey-Felliux, 2009, p. 124). The ICBL and the international community danced back and forth over the issue, by way of multiple conferences, all centered on the issue of banning landmines from the worlds stage. It was through the pressure of the NGOs present at these conferences acting under the coordination of the ICBL, coupled with the media pressure that caused lobbying and negotiations to turn into signatures on a treaty. With the world watching, and with more names (countries) being added to the treaty as the years passed and the conferences were convened, the pressure would slowly build on the remaining leaders to change their position and get with the times. The final summit was convened in the first week of December 1997 in Ottawa, Canada. It served the dual purpose of not only adding the final necessary and desired signatures to the treaty, but also helped fundraise and plan the implementation stages for the actual removal of landmines (Leguey-Felliux, 2009, p. 128). This was quite a feat considering that it started with an NGO using an opportune moment to seize upon the chance to remedy a serious social problem, and ended with government officials and heads of state negotiating po licies that would allow the world to not only ban landmines but also start removing the existing ones. This summit showed not only coordination of different groups and countries, but also global governmental cooperation and negotiation on an important issue. But this summit could be viewed as an exception, and was chosen as an example specifically because of the incredible tangible results that it managed to achieve. At the exact opposite end of the spectrum in terms of output or tangible results I have chosen to examine the G8 Summit in Hokkaido, Japan in July 2008 as a good example of hype and bluster beforehand not quite equaling results afterward. In the run up to the summit, there was optimism abounding from journals, economists and academics alike. A press briefing ahead of the Presidents trip to Japan as well as a report issued by the World Bank in preparation for the conference help to illustrate this optimism. The President of the United States prepared for the Hokkaido summit by using the briefings given by his senior economic, Asian and environmental advisors to explicitly lay out the agenda of the summit as well as the individual bilateral meetings and the working lunches that would take place with many countries at the table (Press Briefing 7/1/2008). Some of the key issues that needed focusing on were climate change, HIV/AIDS and poverty; the working lunches and bilateral meetings were to provide the setting for the international negotiations needed to solve these truly international problems. The Presidents advisors were not the only ones preparing briefings before the summit to help formulate a path to successful negotiations and outcomes, however; the World Bank along with others was also drafting pre-summit reports. The World Bank chose a different path from that chosen by the President. In their report Double Jeopardy: Responding to High Food and Fuel Prices, the World Bank illustrated the specific link between food prices and high oil prices and their effect on poverty by introducing a 10 point plan for the G8 to adopt (World Bank Report, July 2, 2008, p. 2). In this thorough report (which itself is evidence of the importance placed on this summit by the World Bank), there are specific policy recommendations as well as statistics illustrating the correlation between poverty, fuel and food prices (World Bank Report, July 2, 2008, pp. 2-5, 21-27). Using these two different entities preparedness and seriousness as a barometer the outlook for the summit should have been positive. So what actually happened? The title of The Economists review of the summit pretty much says it all: they came, they jawed, they failed to conquer (A mountain-top gabfest provided a spectacular show and a long guest list but few answers to the woes of the world) (Economist, 7/12/2008, p. 68-69). The summit proved to be rather futile in the end, but served the minimal purpose that most summits now serve, as a preparatory meeting for the next summit, sometime in the future. In the case of the Climate Change portions of the Hokkaido summit, some useless platitudes and posturing indicated that everyone was waiting for the Copenhagen Summit on in 2009. This is the new evolved summit: an opportunity for world leaders to sit face to face for a somewhat extended period of time, under media pressure to plan for another meeting in the future. This endless future planning is not actually useless; it should be thought of as one long protracted negotiation. The issue at hand will be resolved or policies produced to find solutions sometime in the future, at some future summit. It has been ninety years since the Peace Conference in Paris and the idea and practice of summitry has evolved drastically as well as becoming interwoven into the practice of diplomacy. The summit is seen as a negotiating arena, a useful public relations tool, and a chance to renew and reaffirm relationships with other states; more than this it has been a platform for further negotiations on some extremely important global issues. Summits can be successful sometimes and unsuccessful other times, but whichever outcome materializes in the end, the foundation for future negotiations will be laid. The summit pervades the world of diplomacy and its effects are seen in the conduct, preparedness, and seriousness of NGOs, world leaders, and other delegates in regards to their relationship with summitry.

Euthanasia as One of Todays Most Prevalent Ethics Issues Essay

Euthanasia as One of Todays Most Prevalent Ethics Issues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Euthanasia can be considered one of the most prevalent problems when dealing with the ethics of patient treatment. Should people have the right to end their own lives when prolonging it will only cause them more pain? Should families who love someone so much, that they don’t want to lose them, cause them more pain by keeping them alive. What makes that more ethically correct then letting them die? The more you look into this issue the more you see how contradictory people are when it comes to making these decisions. This paper shows the issue in a more detailed manner, gives some background, shows the effects on modern society and explains briefly my standpoint on the subject.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The practice of euthanasia dates back as far as the dawn of civilization itself. In the past it was an easy subject to deal with because technology didn’t permit nearly as much life sustentation. When health problems, such as, diabetes and high blood pressure were causes of death, it wasn’t such a controversial issue in society. Now that we have the knowledge along with medical equipment to keep people alive, the issue has developed into a more difficult one to deal with. However, the issues surrounding euthanasia are not only of death, they are about ones liberty, right to privacy and control over his or her, own body. Currently under U.S. law, there are clear differences between the two different types of euthanasia. Extraction of life support, referred to by some as passive euthanasia has been exclusively upheld by the courts as a lawful right of a patient to request and a permissible act for a doctor to perform. Physician-assisted death, referred to by some as active euthanasia is specifically prohibited by laws in most countries and American states banning "mercy killings" and is condemned by the American Medical Association.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Active Euthanasia is thought of by most to be morally wrong and punishable by law. Yet, mercy has been held as a high moral by most civilizations in history. Now we punish anyone who assists someone else in suicide, out of their own mercy. During the 21-month trial period of a new law anyone assisting in a suicide can be sentenced to up to four years in prison and fined more than $2,000 (1). Physicians have been and will continue to be prosecuted for the murder of patients wh... ...etroit Free Press (December 11, 1990)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Herbert Hendin, "Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia in the Netherlands:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lessons from the Dutch," Journal of the American Medical Association (June   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4, 1997 p. 1720-1722) -USA Today, 1998 -Matter of Quinlan (http://www.csulb.edu/~jvancamp/452_r6.html) -Cruzan v. Director, DMH 497 U.S. 261 (1990) (http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/88-1503.ZS.html) -Exploring constitutional conflicts, â€Å"The right to die† (http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/righttodie.htm) -Colesanto, D, â€Å"The right-to-die controversy,† USA Today (May, 1991 pp. 62-63). -Derek Humphry, Frequently Asked Questions; Right to Die. ERGO! (http://rights.org/deathnet/ergo_FAQ.html) -About Hemlock (http://www.hemlock.org/about_hemlock.htm) - Alister Browne, Understanding Euthanasia: Should Canadians Amend The Criminal Code? (September 26, 1994) -David J Roy, When the Dying Demand Death; A Position Paper On Euthanasia, (Undated) -Mark Twain - The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson and the Comedy of the Extraordinary Twins http://glory.gc.maricopa.edu/~mdinchak/eng101/argbioethics.htm#Assisted%20Suicide